Which method is appropriate for assessing the limbs of a dog during a physical examination?

Assessing the limbs of a dog during a physical examination requires a comprehensive approach to ensure a thorough evaluation of the musculoskeletal system. The correct choice emphasizes examining the limbs from distal to proximal and palpating all bones, which is essential in identifying any abnormalities, tenderness, or structural issues that may not be immediately visible.

By examining distal to proximal, you are systematically assessing the limb and can detect issues such as joint instability, inflammation, or pain at specific locations. Palpating all bones allows the examiner to feel for any abnormalities, fractures, or signs of pain that may indicate underlying conditions. This method not only helps in assessing the surface anatomy but also provides insights into the function and integrity of the limb.

The other methods presented would not provide a complete assessment. Examining in a stationary position only limits the evaluation to the resting state of the limbs, potentially missing problems that only emerge during movement. Observing movement alone may overlook specific musculoskeletal conditions that can be identified through palpation. Checking solely for swelling restricts the examination to one symptom, ignoring other critical signs that can indicate a problem. Therefore, a comprehensive approach that includes both inspection and palpation is necessary for an effective physical examination of a dog’s limbs.