Which eye condition is characterized by rhythmic eye movement, potentially horizontal, vertical, or rotating?

Nystagmus is characterized by the presence of rhythmic, involuntary eye movements, which can be horizontal, vertical, or rotational in nature. This condition occurs due to disturbances in the central nervous system, particularly in areas that control eye movement, including the vestibular system and certain parts of the brain involved in visual processing.

In contrast, strabismus refers to the misalignment of the eyes, leading to a lack of proper coordination between them. Although it may affect vision and appearance, it does not involve rhythmic movements.

Enophthalmos describes the condition where the eyeball is recessed within the orbit, often due to trauma or atrophy of surrounding tissues. This condition does not involve any rhythmic movement of the eyes.

Exophthalmos, on the other hand, involves protrusion of the eyeball from the orbit, commonly associated with conditions such as hyperthyroidism. Like enophthalmos, this does not present with rhythmic movements of the eyes.

Thus, nystagmus uniquely describes the rhythmic eye movements that the question focuses on.