What does epiphora refer to?

Epiphora specifically refers to excessive tear production, leading to an overflow of tears that can result in tears spilling over the eyelids. It can occur when the eyes produce more tears than can be absorbed or drained away through the tear ducts. This condition is often noted in various ocular disorders that cause increased lacrimation or when there are underlying issues affecting the eye's tear drainage system.

While the other options describe different eye-related conditions, they do not encompass the definition of epiphora. For example, blocked tear ducts would lead to a different issue, often resulting in tearing but not necessarily an increase in tear production. Similarly, dry eyes refer to a condition of insufficient tear production, which is the opposite of epiphora, and infection of the eye typically causes symptoms such as redness or discharge rather than specifically leading to excessive tears. Hence, excessive tear production accurately captures the essence of what epiphora signifies.